Framing the Quote / Quote Sandwich

here is the link to They Say / I Say.

And here is a sample paragraph that contains a direct quote. I will note the particular parts of the sentence that contains the direct quote.

1. topic sentence. Statement or re-statement of a supporting claim for the thesis.

2. Defining vocabulary from the topic sentence. Define the key terms you are using.

3. Introduction of text you're using to support the claim. Author, title, publication, any additional information.

4. Brief summary of the major argument of the text.

5. Brief summary of the immediate context from which you are pulling the direct quote. You do not want your reader to be confused by the meaning of the quote, or where it's coming from. Consider, too, that the text you're using was itself in conversation with other texts and authors. If you know anything about that conversation, this part of the paragraph is the time to demonstrate that.

6. The direct quote.

a. The signal phrase. She writes

b. The "direct quotation" (remember that the quote must be 'integrated' into the voice of your sentence. Avoid "dangling quotations" or "dropped quotations," in which the quote lacks even a signal phrase.

c. The (citation).

7. The paraphrase of the direct quote

8. Critical Thinking

a. agree/disagree/both
b. connect to another idea from the same text
c. connect to another idea from a different text
d. connect to another idea from another form of media (film, etc)
e. if you've already connected to other textual ideas, you can relate a useful and appropriate personal experience, or a topic from the news
f. re-state the topic sentence claim by connecting your critical thinking discussion back to your thesis

Note: as you relate the supporting ideas from the direct quote and critical thinking, it may be that all of your connections aren't a "perfect fit." be conscious of that, and honest about it. Constantly define the words you use, and be clear about what "works" with your thesis and what doesn't. In order to raise these thoughts, you'll have to ask yourself critical questions: is this really a neat fit? am I missing something? Is there a problem with the point of view I'm using? Could someone disagree with this? how?